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2013职称英语理工类补全短文专项训练(四)(1)

2012-05-17 
职称英语理工类补全短文练习题(4)

  Ants as a Barometer of Ecological Change

  At picnics, ants are pests.But they have their uses.In industries1such as mining,farming and forestry,they can help gauge the health of the environment by just crawling around and being antsy.

  It has been recognized for decades2 that ants—which are highly sensitive to ecological change—can provide a near-perfect barometer of the state of an ecosystem.Only certain species,for instance,will continue to thrive at a forest site that has been cleared of trees. 1 And still others will move in and take up residence.

  By looking at which species populate a deforested area, scientists can determine how“stressed”the land is. 2 Ants are used simply because they are so common and comprise so many species.

  Where mine sites are being restored, for example, some ant species will recolonize the stripped land more quickly than others. 3 Australian mining company Capricorn Coal Management has been successfully using ant surveys for years to determine the rate of recovery of land that it is replanting near its German Creek mine in Queensland.

  Ant surveys also have been used with mine-site recovery projects in Africa and Brazil,where warm climates encourage dense and diverse ant populations.“We found it worked extremely well there,”says Jonathan Majer,a professor of environmental biology.Yet the surveys are perfectly suited to climates throughout Asia,he says,because ants are so common throughout the region.As Majer puts it:“That’s the great thing about ants.”3

  Ant surveys are so highly-regarded as ecological indicators that governments worldwide accept their results when assessing the environmental impact of mining and tree harvesting4. 4

  Why not? Because many companies can’t afford the expense or the laboratory time needed to sift results for a comprehensive survey.The cost stems, also, from the scarcity of ant specialists. 5 .

  词汇:

  ecological adj.生态学的 barometer n.气压计

  forestry n.林业 gauge v.测定,测量

  antsy adj.坐立不安的 ecosystem n.生态系统

  populate v.居住 deforest v.采伐树林,清除树林

  recolonize v.再度移民到 sift v.详审

  scarcity n.缺乏,不足

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