2013年3月23日雅思阅读A类机经(1)

Reading Passage 1

Matching;

Short-answer questions;

说水獭的生活习性，鼻子很灵，可以和狗一样。但是视力很差，不过不影响它捕鱼。它很害羞，不喜欢群居，虽然食物充足，但是它们就在很近的地方捕食，不跑远。

第一段讲：otter的shape, 比如它有powerful claws, 能游得很快，还有它的防水功能的外层在salt water中会被腐蚀，所以它们一般生活在coast.

第二段：otter’s sense and underwater vision

第三段：otter比较害羞，habitat在没有人的地方，有其他的otter占领的地方，它们也不会去挤。

第四段：它们的繁殖

第五段：它们的reproduction机制及小otter多久才会长大

第六段：污染什么的导致其数量减少

第七段：保护还是很有效的，有法律将其列为濒危动物

答案：

1. swimming speed 2. salt water 3. coastal otters

4. mammal moles 5. sense of sight

说它的fitness-purpose的特性是A段

有个未进化的功能是C段

讲它们成熟mate的四个阶段 E段

Social characteristic, 说它们活动范围小的那个是在倒数第二段

最后一段讲它们得到法律保护什么的

The time of gestation in otters is about 60 to 86 days. The newborn pup is taken care of by the mother, the father, and all the other offspring. Female otters reach sexual maturity at approximately two years of age, while males can produce offspring at approximately three years of age. After one month, the young otter can come out of the cave and, after two months, it is able to swim. It lives with its family for about one year, so it can learn and be kept safe until maturity. Otters live up to 16 years.

Otters have long, slim bodies and relatively short limbs, with webbed paws. Most have sharp claws on their feet, and all except the sea otter have long, muscular tails. The 13 species range in adult size from 0.6 to 1.8 metres (2 to 6 ft) in length and 1 to 45 kilograms (2.2 to 100 lb) in weight. The Oriental small-clawed otter is the smallest otter species and the giant otter and sea otter are the largest. They have very soft, insulated underfur, which is protected by an outer layer of long guard hair. This traps a layer of air, and keeps them dry and warm under water.

Many otters live in cold waters and have very high metabolic rates to help keep them warm. European otters must eat 15% of their body weight a day, and sea otters 20 to 25%, depending on the temperature. In water as warm as 10 °C (50 °F), an otter needs to catch 100 grams (3.5 ounces) of fish per hour to survive. Most species hunt for three to five hours a day, and nursing mothers up to eight hours a day.

For most otters, fish is the staple of their diet. This is often supplemented by frogs, crayfish and crabs.[3] Some otters are expert at opening shellfish, and others will feed on available small mammals or birds. Prey-dependence leaves otters very vulnerable to prey depletion.

Otters are very active, chasing prey in the water or searching the beds of rivers, lakes or the seas. Most species live beside water, but river otters usually enter it only to hunt or travel, otherwise spending much of their time on land to avoid their fur becoming waterlogged. Sea otters are highly aquatic and live in the ocean for most of their lives.

Otters are playful animals and appear to engage in various behaviors for sheer enjoyment. Different species vary in their social structure, with some being largely solitary, while others live in groups – in a few species these groups may be fairly large.

这篇难度并不大，虽然有段落信息配对题，但是送分题简答题的难度非常小，而且由于本篇是以前的老题，考生做起来应该比较顺手。

分类：人/物体/地点/时间&特点/描述/事件

人名→理论

段落→具体信息

特点：1)

A: 当题目为专有名词、术语或物质名词时，题目一般遵循顺序原则

B: 当题目不是专有名词、术语或物质名词，而选项是时，题目一般不遵循顺序原则

2)答案是否会重复使用？取决于NB

3)做题方法：

A: 当题目为专有名词、术语或物质名词时，根据题目在原文定位，理解原文对应内容并选出答案（着重考察对文章的理解）

B: 当题目不是专有名词、术语或物质名词，而选项是时，在文章中把选项中所有的专有名词、术语或物质名词划出，然后在题目中划定位词在文章中定位。

注意：结构阅读法的运用

剑6 Test 1

剑7 test 1