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GRE作文备考:ARGUMENT备考概述(2)

2012-09-10 
ARGUMENT写作模板

5.false analogy

  ·Even assuming that (别的)...are/is attributed to the implementation of ..., the author commits a false analogy in assuming that by the same means AAA will achieve the same result as BBB dose.

  ·The arguer fails to consider possible differences between AAA and BBB, which might help to bring about a different result for AAA.

  ·In fact, it is entirely possible that ...

  ·Perhaps ... Or perhaps ...

  ·Without accounting for these and other possible dissimilarities any analogy between the two ...is premature and the arguer can not assume that ...would bring about the same result in XX as ...did.

  6.他因

  ·The argument unfairly claims that AAA is the result of BBB-rather than some other phenomenon.

  ·The arguer ignores a host of other possible reasons for AAA.

  ·Perhaps CCC. Or perhaps DDD.

  ·In short, without ruling out all other possible explanations for AAA, the author cannot convince me that by xBBB ... -let alone ...

  ·或者 Since the article fails to account for this alternative explanation for AAA, the article's author cannot make any sound inference (recommendations to ...) based on AAA.

  7.Post hoc, ergo propter hoc

  ·The author commits a fallacy of "Post (Cum) hoc, ergo propter hoc" in assuming that BBB is the very cause of AAA.

  ·Although BBB occurred before (at the same time with) AAA, the only evidence is insufficient to prove a causal relationship.

  ·In order to establish a general causal relationship between BBB and AAA, other factors that might lead to AAA should be considered and eliminated.

  ·For example, CCC or DDD.

  ·The author's failure to investigate or even take into account other possible reasons for AAA renders the conclusion based upon it highly suspect.

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