Jackson Pollock
Pollock studied at Los Angeles’ Manual Arts High School. During his early life, he experienced Native American culture while on surveying trips with his father. In 1930, following his brother Charles, he moved to New York City, where they both studied under Thomas Hart Benton at the Art Students League of New York. Benton’s rural American subject matter shaped Pollock’s work only fleetingly, but his rhythmic use of paint and his fierce independence were more lasting influences. From 1935 to 1943, Pollock worked for the WPA Federal Art Project.
Pollock’s technique of pouring and dripping paint is thought to be one of the origins of the term action painting. With this technique, Pollock was able to achieve a more immediate means of creating art, the paint now literally flowing from his chosen tool onto the canvas. By defying the convention of painting on an upright surface, he added a new dimension, literally, by being able to view and apply paint to his canvases from all directions.
In the process of making paintings in this way, he moved away from figurative修饰多的representation, and challenged the Western tradition of using easel画架and brush. He also moved away from the use of only the hand and wrist腕，腕关节, since he used his whole body to paint. In 1956, Time magazine dubbed Pollock “Jack the Dripper” as a result of his unique painting style.“My painting does not come from the easel. I prefer to tack)钉住the unstretched canvas to the hard wall or the floor. I need the resistance of a hard surface. On the floor I am more at ease. I feel nearer, more part of the painting, since this way I can walk around it, work from the four sides and literally be in the painting. ”
“I continue to get further away from the usual painter’s tools such as easel, palette, brushes,etc. I prefer sticks棍棒, trowels泥刀, knives and dripping fluid paint or a heavy impasto with sand,
broken glass or other foreign matter added. ”
“When I am in my painting, I’m not aware of what I’m doing. It is only after a sort of ‘get acquainted’ period that I see what I have been about. I have no fear of making changes, destroying the image, etc., because the painting has a life of its own. I try to let it come through成为显然的：. It is only when I lose contact with the painting that the result is a mess杂乱，混乱：. Otherwise there is pure harmony, an easy give and take, and the painting comes out well.
听演唱会的行前安排：
一个学生要带社团去參加Jazz 音樂会concert，接着跟学校助理讨論一些事项(主旨题)。包括人數、出发时间、用餐、返校时间等等。人數是20 多人，因为并没有很多，所以把bus 改成van，一方面也比较好停車。他们要早点出门才能早点到，因为虽然买票了但是需要现场划位(题目，问为什么要早到，答为了划到好位置)。学生本來计划要大家分开吃饭，但是助理强烈建议他们一起吃不要分开行动(题目，问为什么这么建议)，提出建议吃pizza 因为大家都爱吃pizza，他觉得这样集体行动比较不会有麻烦，比如說有人吃完饭來不及回到表演场地或者迷路等，学生表示这点要再和大家讨論。表演10 点结束，助理先提出让車辆10：15 來接，但是学生后來要求延后到10：30(题目，问为什么?答避免有学生來不及)。助理說司机是以小时计算薪水，要学生别让司机久等，因为他们是不会等太久的。最后助理要学生明天再去找他(题目)，因为他要算一算学生还要补多少钱，学生已经听从助理的建议跟同学收了部分的钱当作押金，所以助理得把总额扣掉学生已经付的押金才知道还要再付多少钱。
海岸边的房子：
岸边能否造房子的几个层次。
文章一开始說，教授的孩子在海边看到一栋非常中意的房子(dream house)，但是由于一些原因没有买，事后教授很庆幸当时没有买海边的房子，这里引出了这堂课的主题：海岸线为什么不适合盖房子。教授說，海岸线可分成5 个部分，开始讲这5 种類型的地质，分别是：
1)shore;滨、岸：海洋、湖泊或河流边的土地;海岸
2)primary最早的dune;
3)crough;
