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I. 确定中心词
Practice Test (I)
The most important role of the library of Congress is to serve as the research and reference arm of Congress. The library _1_ legislators with the information they need. The library staff_2_ more than 450,000 queries a year. _3_from very simple requests to extremely complex issues, _4_, people on the library staff will prepare summaries of major legislation and bills to help Congress members stay abreast of daily legislation. The library staff _5_ people of all background, from civil engineers and oceanographers to experts _6_ labor relations. Their most important function is to provide objective, unbiased information to Congress. They _7_ all sides of issues, aIIowing the legislators to make up their own minds _8_ the effects of the issue involved. There is an _9_ department for foreign law. The law library answers congressional request _10_ analysis of foreign legislature and legal issues. The law library's legal specialties are proficient in fifty different languages.
中心词：role of the library(function)国会图书馆功能
1. A. affords B, provides C. loads D. protects
2. A. answers 13. agrees C. approves D. admits
3. A. varying B. changing C, shifting D. ranging
4. A. On tbe other hand B. In nature C. In return D. In addition
5. A. contains B. remains C. includes D. concludes
6. A. with B. in C. to D, on
7. A. present B. show off C. increase D. take up
8. A. as to B. for C. within D by
9. A. essential B. additional C. critical D. exceptional
10. A. with B. besides C for D. on
Practice (2)
In the past, permanence was the ideal. __1__ engaged in handcrafting a pair of boot or in construction a cathedral, all man's creative and productive energies went _2_ maximizing the _3_ of the product. Man built to last. He had to _4_ the society around him was relatively unchanging, each object had clearly defined functions, and economic logic _5_ the policy of permanence, Even if they had to be repaired now _6_, The boots that cost fifty dollars and lasted ten years were less expensive than those that cost ten dollars and lasted only a year. As the general rate of change in society _7_, however, the economics of permanence are ----and must be -----replaced by the economics of_8_. Firs, advanceing technology _9_. to lower the costs of manufacture much more rapidly than the costs repair work This means that it often becomes cheaper to replace than to repair. It is economically sensible to build cheap, unrepairable, throw-away objects, _10_ they may not last as repairable objects.
中心词：permanence (相关词：last, durability, defined) dange (相关词:replace, transience, accelerate)
1. A. Those B. If C. Once D. Whether
2. A. about B. after C on D. towards
3. A. facility It. efficiency C. durability D. stability
4. A. Although B. Unless C. Even if D. As long as
5. A. indicated B. dictated C. prescribed I). implied
6. A. or later B. or never C. and then D. and later
7. A. accelerates I3. amplifies C. alternates D. anticipates
8. A. transience B. dominance C. prominence D. endurance
9. A. tempts B. tends C. turns D. tunes
10. A. as if B,. and yet C. but then D. even though
2.词汇运用能力
Nike is one of the most powerful marketing companies in the business world today, but it had very small beginnings. This global giant company started in the1960s _1_ the company's founders selling cheap Japanese sports shoed to American high school _2_.
One of Nike's founders, Philip Knight began to sell imported Tiger shoes in I964. _3_ that the Japanese company might find a more established_4_, he developed his own brand name, Nike, named_5_ the Greek winged goddess of victory, Knight had believed that it _6_ enough to make high-quality, low-cost shoes for the _7_to grow. But this was not _8_- when rival shoe manufacturer Reebok began to present shoes _9_ a fashion symbol. As a result, in the year between 1986 and 1987, Nike's sales _10_ 18 percent.
Knight had to look urgently for a way to prop up the Nike image, He called in an unknown _11_ imaginative advertising agency, Weiden & Kennedy. To give Nike a new _12_, the agency created commercials and promotional ideas around Michael Jordan. The _13_focused on Jordan as the man_14_hard work and fancy shoes _15_ him to fly. The new Nike image and campaigns wasassociated inextricably with another essential factor in Weiden and Kennedy's _16_ . ----Nike advertising campaigns became famous for never showing the product or even _17_ Nike's name. They create a mood, an attitude, and then. _18_the product with that mood. From this point_19_, Nike modeled its marketing around entertainment, fashion, and attitude, a(n) _20_that was much admired by the young consumer.
1. A. for B. as C. with D. in
2. A. attendants B. athletes C. athletics D. audience
3. A. puzzled B, confused C. Wonted D. Bewildered
4. A. distributor B. producer C. manufacturer D, producer
5. A. under B.behind C. like D, after
6. A. were B.weren’t C. was D. wasn’t
7. A. sales B. risk C.expenditure D. profit
8 A. effective B. sufficient C. efficient D. proficient
9. A. with B. as C. like D to
10. A. gained B. elevated C.reduced D. dropped
11. A.but B. as well as C. and D. or
12. A. image B. brand C. advertisement I3. campaign
].3. A. feedbacks B. promotions C. potentials D. commercials
14. A. his B. what C whose D. which
15.A. enabled B.allowed C.facilitated D. caused
16. A. destination B. strategy C specification D. philosophy
17. A, referring B. mentioning C. boasting D. including
18 A. present B. match C. indicate D. associate
19. A. around B. out C. up I). on
20. A. approach h. brand C. aim D. product
CBCADCA BBD AADCAB BDDA
3. 综合练习
l. What is your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember learning to walk? to talk? The frst time you _1_ thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom _2_ events much earlier that the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three or four _3_ retain and specific, personal experiences.
A variety of explanations have been _4_ by psychologists for this "childhood amnesia". One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which responsible For forming memories, does not mature _5_ about the age of two. But the most popular theory _6_ that, since adults do not think like children, they can't _7_ childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories or _8_ one event follows _9_ as in novel or film. But when they search through their menial _10_ for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don't find any that fit the _11_ It's like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary.
Now psychologist Annette Simms of the New York State University offers a new _12_ for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply _13_ any early childhood memories to recall. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use _14_ spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short-term, quickly _15_ impressions of them into long-term memories. In other _16_, children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about _17_.... Mother talking about the afternoon _18_ looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean park. Without tiffs _19_reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form _20_ memories of their personal experiences.
1. A. touched B. heard C. listened D. felt
2. A. recall B. resolve C. involve D. interpret
3. A. merely B. really C. largely D. rarely
4. A. proposed B. witnessed C. canceled D. Figured
5. A. after B, since C. until D. once
6. A, contains B. maintains C. magnifies D. intervenes
7. A. access B. refer C. reflect D. attain
8. A. regulations B. descriptions C. narratives D. forecasts
9. A. the other B. others C. the rest D. another
10. A, flashes B. files C. outputs D, dreams
11, A. frame B. landscape C. footstep D. pattern
12. A. explanation B. factor C. emphasis D. arrangement
13.A. isn't B. wasn't C. aren't D. weren't
14.A. some else B. someone else's C. anyone else D. anyone else's
15, A. forgetting B. remembering C. forgotten D. remembered
16. A. words B. means C. senses D. cases
17. A, it B. them C. him D. theirs
18, A, taken B. spent C, used D. chosen
19. A. petty B. mutual C. habitual D. verbal
20. A. subordinate B. spiritual C. permanent D. conscious
BADACBACDBDACBCA BBDC
